Huntington disease or HD is a brain disorder that specialists consider it to be progressive, degenerative and inherited and which leads to mental, emotional and physical changes. It was named after George Huntington, who first described the illness in 1872. In the late stages of the disorder, patients can develop involuntary and jerky movements. Huntingtons disease symptoms resemble the symptoms of Parkinson or Alzheimer, but it is a less common disorder that affects the patient’s ability to think straight, talk correctly and move by destroying the brain cells that are located in the area of the brain that produces all these capacities. The disease is caused by a gene mutation that allows a high level of protein to accumulate in the brain, level that can become toxic, that is why it is considered to be an inherited disorder. The patient can get it from one or either both of his parents.

General symptoms of Huntingtons disease in an early stage can include weak memory, difficulties in making decisions, mood swings like increased depression, irritability or anger, lack of coordination, uncontrolled movements like twitching and walking, talking and swallowing difficulties. Physical symptoms may include increased clumsiness, loss of coordination and balance, incoherent speech, teeth grinding, difficulties in eating or swallowing, increased number of tics and muscular contractions. Mental signs such as a weak judgment, lack of concentration, memory loss and difficulties in taking decisions or answering questions need to be reported to a specialist because, as time passes, all these symptoms can progress to a level where the patient loses the ability to recognize the members of his family, familiar places or familiar objects. Huntington’s Disease can also be recognized by emotional symptoms such as an increased level of irritability and hostility, lack of energy, lack of pleasure, disinterest in life activities and bipolar disorder or manic depression. The last two symptoms can worsen by causing delusions, paranoia, inappropriate behavior that is usually unprovoked like aggression and hallucinations. All these signs are medically referred to as psychotic behaviors.

Huntingtons disease treatment is based on a medical approach called living positively with HD. Because the disorder is genetically inherited, it can’t be definitely cured. Patients must integrate in multi-disciplinary Huntingtons disease treatment programs that will assure a well-balanced diet, daily supplements, exercise and psychological, social and spiritual support. The goal of such programs is to increase the quality of life for HD patients. Main recommendations include foods for the brain, memory support medications and immunity boosters.

There are almost 30.000 individuals living with Huntington disease in the United States alone, that is why doctors and researchers struggle every day to find a final cure for this disorder and to improve the suggestions that they have for a normal lifestyle with HD.

Other similar problems are: Sensitivity Syndrome | Social Psychology

Specialists have concluded that traumatic brain injury association with memory disorders occurs in almost all cases that involve a brain injury.

Brain injuries, also known as TBI or intracranial injuries happen when an external force affects the brain in such a powerful way that is traumatically injuries it, leading to memory disorders. Head injuries caused by falls, violence and vehicle accidents are the major cause of memory disabilities worldwide. Brain injuries can lead to cognitive, emotional, physical and behavioral disorders that can be treated with physical therapy, speech therapy or occupational therapy.

The anoxic brain injury rehabilitation program is based on medications like barbiturates that slow down brain activity, steroids that reduce the swelling, oxygen therapy, cooling treatment and hyperbaric therapy. Anoxic brain damages occur because the path that leads oxygen to the brain is cut off or restricted and the brain is unable to perform vital functions, so that is why people who suffer such an injury should immediately follow an anoxic brain injury rehabilitation program.

Headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, confusion, memory loss and loss of consciousness, seizures, coma and paralysis are all symptoms of a traumatic brain injury. They can lead to complications such as personality changes, insomnia, cognitive disabilities, headaches and sensory changes, but the most dangerous complications of all are memory disorders. Recent studies have suggested that there is a strong connection between Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases and brain damages.

The most common brain injury is the one produced by a car accident. It can lead to a physical trauma that strongly affects the memory of the victim or it can cause post traumatic stress disorder. Brain damages that affect the temporal lobes can lead to disorders that involve the victim’s ability to create new long-term memories. This condition is called retrograde amnesia. On the other side, anterograde amnesia is caused by damage to the patient’s fornix.

The symptoms of TBI can vary depending on how severe is the injury. Mild brain damages can experience a brief loss of consciousness along with headaches, slurred speech, temporary memory loss and dilated pupils. The loss of consciousness for a longer period of time of 30 minutes or more can happen because of moderate brain damages, while long-term memory loss, seizures, nausea, convulsions, vomiting, vision loss, hearing loss and limb paralysis are caused by severe head injuries.

Repressed memory is one of the most controversial psychological effects of head injuries. The memory is not lost in the traditional way, but removed from the conscious mind and still present in long-term memory. Practically, the information is hidden from the patient’s knowledge. A traumatic brain injury association can help patients prevent and treat themselves in cases of severe or even minor brain damages, by offering education and study grants to doctors in order to perform thorough studies over the topic of brain and head injuries.

There are many ways in which people can have difficulty speaking, aphasia treatment can help them. The disorder is also known as Broca’s aphasia in clinical neuropsychology. This is because the area of the brain that aphasia expressive problems is called Broca’s area after the famous neuroanatomist. The region is usually on the left side of the brain, deep to where the ear sits on the side. In people who are left handed, Broca’s area can be on the right side. The disorder can be called agrammatic aphasia in cognitive neuropsychology.

This type of memory disorder is caused by damage to or developmental issues in specific regions of the brain. They include the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus known as Broca’s area. This is also called the Brodmann area 44 and Brodmann area 45. This aphasia expressive is one subset of a larger family of cognitive problems known collectively as aphasia. They are all characterized by the loss of the ability to produce language, which can be both spoken or written. Expressive aphasia differs from the condition known as dysarthria. That disorder is characterized by a patients inability to properly move the muscles of the tongue and mouth. This results in the failure to properly produce speech. Expressive aphasia exists in contrast to receptive aphasia, which is characterized by a patients inability to comprehend language or speak with appropriately meaningful words. That type of memory disorder is called Wernickes aphasia.

Expressive aphasia is also classified as a non-fluent aphasia, as opposed to fluent aphasia. The diagnosis is made on a case by case basis, since lesions often affect surrounding cortex and the deficits are not well conserved between patients. The most common cause of an expressive aphasia is a stroke. A stroke is caused by the lack of oxygen to an area of the brain. This is normally the result of a thrombosis or embolism. Some form and degree of aphasia can occur in 34-38% of stroke patients. In most cases, the expressive aphasia is caused by a stroke in Broca’s area. However, cases of expressive aphasia have been seen with strokes in other areas of the brain. Patients with typical symptoms of expressive aphasia generally have more acute brain lesions. Patients with larger, widespread lesions with otherwise exhibit a variety symptoms which may be classified as global aphasia or left unclassified.

Many times the most effective treatment is to treat the underlying disorder that caused the aphasia. Since many of the expressive aphasias are a result of stroke, the treatment at the beginning should be directed at solving the stroke issue. After the acute phase is finished, the brain needs to be able to heal and recover. In this phase the expressive aphasia therapy can be helpful to retrain the brain and provide aphasia treatment.

There are several different transient amnesia causes that result in temporary memory loss. Amnesia is loss of memory, which can be temporary or permanent. It is not the same as simple forgetfulness, which can happen to anyone and does not indicate a problem with cognition. If you have amnesia, you cannot remember anything that had happened during a specific time period and probably other times as well. Most people do not forget everything about the past, they just lose the ability to acquire new memories.

There are 2 main types of amnesia. The first is retrograde amnesia. This is a loss of memory before an event occurs. For example, you forget what happened right before you receive a blow to the head. Another type of is anterograde amnesia. This is a loss of memory that occurs after some event. For example, a person forgets what happened right after having surgery. People can have both types of amnesia. Many people in severe car accidents have both types.

Some other types of amnesia exist for certain populations. People with psychiatric disorders can suffered from dissociative amnesia. This is the loss of memory around a psychiatric disease. Most patients with mental disorders will not be able to give a full recount of events that occurred while they were sick. This dissociative amnesia is part of the reason why many people cannot remember certain behaviors during incidents. Another type of amnesia is infantile amnesia. This is the inability of adults to remember events of their childhood. This can be the result of age, timing, or emotional connections. It is always surprising which memories are lost from infantile amnesia and which are retained.

Amnesia may be caused by one or several different issues and people with these issues should be screened for the disorder. Trauma, or a blow to the head can cause amnesia. A brain tumor or other mass in the cranium can cause amnesia. Those with dementia should be screened as well as people who have been a part of a horrifying event, such as a rape or seeing someone commit murder or suicide. Stroke is a common cause. Sometimes retrograde amnesia can be the result of a poor diet or vitamin deficiency or even medicines such as sleeping pills and anesthesia used in surgery. Certain poisons such as carbon monoxide, alcohol or substance abuse are also a cause.

In most cases, amnesia is temporary and only lasts a short amount of time. However, it may last a few weeks or even months if the trauma or injury was relatively more severe. As the person recovers, older memories usually come back first, followed by more recent memories. Almost all memory is usually recovered, except the events that occurred around the time of the accident or event. These transient amnesia causes are important to recognize so that people can prevent further damage.

Here are some signs and symptoms to look for. People with dementia may have a hard time remembering things. They will not be able to keep new ideas and things in their head. They will not be able to remember a phone number or how to get to a new location. Long term memory stays relatively intact. Many people with dementia will be able to recall events that happened years ago. But they will have amnesia for current events. This causes many patients to look like they are confused, lost, or frightened. This tends to come from the fact that they cannot remember where they are or how they got there. This is very disturbing for people and causes a great amount of anxiety for the person.

It is also common for people with dementia to not be able to understand what they are doing. This is because of the short term memory impairment and the inability to learn new things. This also caused people with dementia to be unable to follow instructions. Another devastating portion of the illness is that it causes people to not eat or take care of themselves. They will lose weight and not perform normal hygiene. This can be very dangerous to the patients health. The overall impairment can also affect the patients emotional capabilities. They may not seem to have feelings or show emotions.

Memory Disorders

Many patients will seem restless and wander around a lot. This stems from their inability to focus or know what is going on or remember where they are. They therefore will try to find people and things that they recognize, which is difficult. At the same time they might not trust family and friends. They may not recognize them as such and think that they are impostors or otherwise unknown. It is also common for people with severe dementia to lack control of their bladder or bowels. They can also have trouble with waling, chewing or swallowing. The memory loss can cause impairments in talking or thinking of words.

Dementia and memory disorders occurs when brain cells stop working or are damaged. As mentioned, the most common cause of dementia is Alzheimers disease. Stroke is also a common cause of dementia since it can also kill brain cells. Many other diseases can also cause dementia, so it is essential to have a proper diagnosis when amnesia begins to impair a person’s thinking. There are some treatments available for memory disorders to help the patient and their family.